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您的醫生可能會開具一種或多種藥物來治療您的心力衰竭。
利尿劑通過增加腎臟產生的尿量來減輕您身體的水腫。
血管緊張素轉換酶（ACE）抑制劑是能使您的血管擴張的藥物。
這有助于降低您的血壓，并通過使心臟更容易泵血來防止對心臟的進一步損害。
β受體阻滯劑是阻斷應激激素對心臟作用的藥物。
盡管β受體阻滯劑會減慢您的心率，但它們主要用于保護心肌免受應激激素造成的長期損害。

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The prostate is part of the male reproductive system
前列腺是男性生殖系統的一部分·
It produces prostatic fluid a component of semen that carries sperm during ejaculation
它產生前列腺液,這是精液的組成部分,在射精時攜帶精子·
The urethra a tube that carries urine from the bladder through the penis and out of the body passes through the prostate
尿道,一條將尿液從膀胱經陰莖排出體外的管道,穿過前列腺·
Prostate tissue is divided into several functional zones the transition zone central zone and peripheral zone
前列腺組織被劃分為數個功能區域——移行區、中央區和周圍區·
The prostate consists of secretory glands and ducts surrounded by fibromuscular tissue called the stroma
前列腺由被纖維肌性組織(稱為間質)包圍的腺體和導管組成·
Throughout life the male sex hormone testosterone influences prostate growth and development
在一生中,男性性激素睪酮影響前列腺的生長和發育·
Prostatic stromal cells express an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
前列腺間質細胞表達一種酶,可將睪酮轉化為雙氫睪酮·
Dihydrotestosterone binds to stromal cells
雙氫睪酮與間質細胞結合,
releasing signaling factors that stimulate prostatic cell division and growth
釋放出刺激前列腺細胞分裂和生長的信號因子·
As men age dihydrotestosterone can accumulate among prostate cells
隨著男性年齡的增長,雙氫睪酮可在前列腺細胞中積累·
In addition circulating testosterone levels fall and estrogen levels rise
此外,循環中的睪酮水平下降,而雌激素水平上升·
These hormonal changes may lead to excessive prostatic cell growth
這些激素變化可能導致前列腺細胞過度生長,
characteristic of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
這是良性前列腺增生和前列腺癌的特征·
In benign prostatic hyperplasia
在良性前列腺增生中,
the glandular epithelium and stroma proliferate in the transition zone and form nodules that expand the tissue
移行區的腺上皮和間質增生并形成擴大組織的結節·
Over time the enlarged tissue compresses the urethra and prevents normal urination
隨著時間的推移,增大的組織壓迫尿道,阻礙正常排尿·
In contrast prostate cancer commonly occurs in the peripheral zone
相比之下,前列腺癌通常發生在周圍區,
in which the glandular epithelial cells mutate and divide in an uncontrolled manner
腺上皮細胞在此發生突變并以不受控制的方式分裂·
Many new abnormal glands and one or more malignant tumors develop
許多新的異常腺體和一個或多個惡性腫瘤得以發展·
The large tumors may compress the urethra and disrupt the urine stream
大的腫瘤可能會壓迫尿道并干擾尿流·
In a process called metastasis
在一種稱為轉移的過程中,
the tumor cells spread to tissues both near and distant from the prostate
腫瘤細胞擴散到前列腺附近和遠處的組織·
Treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia may include medications
良性前列腺增生的治療可能包括藥物,
such as 5 alpha reductase inhibitors
如5α還原酶抑制劑,
which block the enzymatic conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
它們阻斷睪酮轉化為雙氫睪酮的酶促轉化·
As a result the excess stromal and epithelial growth stops and the prostate shrinks
因此,多余的間質和上皮生長停止,前列腺縮小·
One treatment for prostate cancer is radical prostatectomy
前列腺癌的一種治療方法是根治性前列腺切除術,
a procedure in which the entire prostate and select surrounding tissues are surgically removed
該手術將整個前列腺和選定的周圍組織切除·
Other treatments for prostate cancer include
前列腺癌的其他治療方法包括
chemotherapy
化療、
hormone therapy
激素治療、
radiation therapy
放射治療
and other surgical procedures
以及其他手術,
such as transurethral resection of the prostate or TURP
如經尿道前列腺切除術(TURP)·