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對(duì)于 2 型糖尿病患者來說，改變生活方式是重要的第一步，可以幫助您控制高血糖。
這些改變甚至可以幫助您預(yù)防、延緩或逆轉(zhuǎn)疾病
改變生活方式包括健康飲食、定期鍛煉、減肥和不吸煙。
您可能還需要檢查血糖、膽固醇和血壓，確保它們?cè)谀繕?biāo)范圍內(nèi)，以幫助降低 2 型糖尿病并發(fā)癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
如果改變生活方式仍不能控制血糖，醫(yī)護(hù)人員會(huì)根據(jù)需要為您開藥
健康飲食有助于降低血糖水平
您可以通過多吃水果、蔬菜和全谷物食品來達(dá)到這一目的
每天在差不多相同的時(shí)間進(jìn)餐和吃零食
碳水化合物是人體用來制造能量的物質(zhì)
向您的保健醫(yī)生咨詢適合您的碳水化合物、蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪平衡膳食，并減少高糖食物的攝入量
定期鍛煉，哪怕每天只鍛煉 30 分鐘，也能降低血糖水平并減輕體重。
在開始運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃前，請(qǐng)咨詢您的保健醫(yī)生
超重是罹患 2 型糖尿病的一個(gè)重要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素
如果您體內(nèi)有大量?jī)?nèi)臟脂肪，情況尤其如此
這是您看不到的脂肪，環(huán)繞在腹部器官周圍。
好消息是，通過飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)，只要減輕 5%-7%的體重，就能顯著改善您的血糖水平。
您可能需要服用一種或多種口服或注射糖尿病藥物來幫助降低血糖
例如，二甲雙胍可降低肝臟產(chǎn)生的糖量
它還能使肌肉組織對(duì)胰島素更加敏感
磺脲類藥物可增加胰腺的胰島素釋放量
噻唑烷二酮類使脂肪肌肉組織對(duì)胰島素更敏感
它們還能減少肝臟的糖分分泌
α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑在小腸中發(fā)揮作用，阻止淀粉類食物的分解，并減緩某些糖類的吸收。
這能防止您進(jìn)食后血糖上升過快
DPP-4 抑制劑能讓消化系統(tǒng)中有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)保持更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的活性
這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)有助于降低血糖水平
當(dāng)您進(jìn)食時(shí)，GLP-1 受體激動(dòng)劑會(huì)增加胰腺的胰島素釋放量
它們還能減緩消化速度
SGLT2 抑制劑可增加從體內(nèi)和尿液中排出的糖量
如果您的糖尿病無法通過飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他藥物得到控制，您的保健醫(yī)生可能還會(huì)考慮使用胰島素。
注射胰島素有助于替代您體內(nèi)正常產(chǎn)生的胰島素
醫(yī)護(hù)人員會(huì)訓(xùn)練您在皮下注射胰島素
您可能需要用血糖儀檢查血液中的糖分水平
請(qǐng)咨詢醫(yī)護(hù)人員檢查的頻率
為此，您需要用一種叫做 “柳葉刀 ”的小針頭刺破手指
然后，按照血糖儀提供的說明，將一滴血滴入血糖儀中
根據(jù)您的血糖水平，您可能需要在醫(yī)護(hù)人員的指導(dǎo)下調(diào)整膳食、體力活動(dòng)或藥物劑量。
通過治療和控制血糖水平，您可以幫助預(yù)防 2 型糖尿病的并發(fā)癥。
如需了解有關(guān) 2 型糖尿病治療的更多信息，請(qǐng)咨詢您的保健醫(yī)生

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For type 2 diabetes lifestyle changes are important first steps that can help you control high blood glucose or sugar
對(duì)于2型糖尿病患者來說,改變生活方式是重要的第一步,可以幫助您控制高血糖·
These changes may even help you prevent delay or reverse the disease
這些改變甚至可以幫助您預(yù)防、延緩或逆轉(zhuǎn)疾病
Lifestyle changes include eating a healthy diet regular exercise losing weight and not smoking
改變生活方式包括健康飲食、定期鍛煉、減肥和不吸煙·
You may also need to check your blood sugar cholesterol and blood pressure to make sure they're within the target range to help reduce your risk of complications from type 2 diabetes
您可能還需要檢查血糖、膽固醇和血壓,確保它們?cè)谀繕?biāo)范圍內(nèi),以幫助降低 2 型糖尿病并發(fā)癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
If lifestyle changes aren't controlling your blood sugar your healthcare practitioner will prescribe medicines as necessary
如果改變生活方式仍不能控制血糖,醫(yī)護(hù)人員會(huì)根據(jù)需要為您開藥
Eating a healthy diet may help to lower your blood sugar level
健康飲食有助于降低血糖水平
You can help do this by eating a diet with fruits vegetables and whole grains
您可以通過多吃水果、蔬菜和全谷物食品來達(dá)到這一目的
Have meals and snacks about the same time every day
每天在差不多相同的時(shí)間進(jìn)餐和吃零食
Carbohydrates are substances your body uses to make energy
碳水化合物是人體用來制造能量的物質(zhì)
Ask your healthcare practitioner about meals with the right balance of carbohydrates proteins and fats for you and reduce your intake of high sugar foods
向您的保健醫(yī)生咨詢適合您的碳水化合物、蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪平衡膳食,并減少高糖食物的攝入量
Getting regular exercise even just 30 minutes a day may lower your blood sugar level and may lead to weight loss
定期鍛煉,哪怕每天只鍛煉 30 分鐘,也能降低血糖水平并減輕體重·
Talk to your healthcare practitioner before starting an exercise program
在開始運(yùn)動(dòng)計(jì)劃前,請(qǐng)咨詢您的保健醫(yī)生
Being overweight is an important risk factor for having type 2 diabetes
超重是罹患 2 型糖尿病的一個(gè)重要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素
This is especially true if you have a lot of visceral fat
如果您體內(nèi)有大量?jī)?nèi)臟脂肪,情況尤其如此
This is the fat you can't see that surrounds the organs inside your belly
這是您看不到的脂肪,環(huán)繞在腹部器官周圍·
The good news is that through diet and exercise losing as little as 5% to 7% of your body weight can help significantly improve your blood sugar levels
好消息是,通過飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng),只要減輕 5%-7%的體重,就能顯著改善您的血糖水平·
You may need to take one or more oral or injectable diabetic medicines to help lower blood sugar
您可能需要服用一種或多種口服或注射糖尿病藥物來幫助降低血糖
For example metformin lowers the amount of sugar produced by your liver
例如,二甲雙胍可降低肝臟產(chǎn)生的糖量
It also makes your muscle tissue more sensitive to insulin
它還能使肌肉組織對(duì)胰島素更加敏感
Sulfonylureas increase insulin release from your pancreas
磺脲類藥物可增加胰腺的胰島素釋放量
Thiazolidinediones make your fatty muscle tissue more sensitive to insulin
噻唑烷二酮類使脂肪肌肉組織對(duì)胰島素更敏感
They also reduce sugar production in your liver
它們還能減少肝臟的糖分分泌
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors work in your small intestine to block the breakdown of starchy foods and slow the absorption of some sugars
α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑在小腸中發(fā)揮作用,阻止淀粉類食物的分解,并減緩某些糖類的吸收·
This keeps your blood sugar from going up too fast after you eat
這能防止您進(jìn)食后血糖上升過快
DPP 4 inhibitors let helpful chemicals in your digestive system stay active longer
DPP-4 抑制劑能讓消化系統(tǒng)中有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)保持更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的活性
These chemicals help lower your blood sugar level
這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)有助于降低血糖水平
GLP 1 receptor agonists increase insulin release from your pancreas when you're eating
當(dāng)您進(jìn)食時(shí),GLP-1 受體激動(dòng)劑會(huì)增加胰腺的胰島素釋放量
They also slow digestion
它們還能減緩消化速度
And SGLT2 inhibitors increase the amount of sugar removed from your body and urine
SGLT2 抑制劑可增加從體內(nèi)和尿液中排出的糖量
If your diabetes cannot be controlled with diet exercise and other medicines your healthcare practitioner may also consider insulin
如果您的糖尿病無法通過飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他藥物得到控制,您的保健醫(yī)生可能還會(huì)考慮使用胰島素·
Insulin that you inject helps to replace the insulin your body would normally produce
注射胰島素有助于替代您體內(nèi)正常產(chǎn)生的胰島素
A healthcare practitioner will train you to inject it just under your skin
醫(yī)護(hù)人員會(huì)訓(xùn)練您在皮下注射胰島素
You may need to check the level of sugar in your blood with a blood glucose meter
您可能需要用血糖儀檢查血液中的糖分水平
Ask your healthcare practitioner how often to check
請(qǐng)咨詢醫(yī)護(hù)人員檢查的頻率
To do this you will prick your finger with a small needle called a lancet
為此,您需要用一種叫做 "柳葉刀 "的小針頭刺破手指
Then you will place a drop of blood in the blood glucose meter following the directions provided with your meter
然后,按照血糖儀提供的說明,將一滴血滴入血糖儀中
Based on your blood sugar level you may need to adjust your meals physical activity or medicine dose as directed by your healthcare practitioner
根據(jù)您的血糖水平,您可能需要在醫(yī)護(hù)人員的指導(dǎo)下調(diào)整膳食、體力活動(dòng)或藥物劑量·
By treating and controlling your blood sugar level you may help prevent the complications from type 2 diabetes
通過治療和控制血糖水平,您可以幫助預(yù)防 2 型糖尿病的并發(fā)癥·
For more information about treatment for type 2 diabetes talk to your healthcare practitioner
如需了解有關(guān) 2 型糖尿病治療的更多信息,請(qǐng)咨詢您的保健醫(yī)生