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細胞運輸是物質通過細胞膜進出細胞的過程。
細胞運輸有兩大類。
第一類是被動運輸。
對于細胞來說,被動運輸意味著它是一個自動的過程,不需要輸入任何能量。
例如,擴散就是一種被動過程,在此過程中,粒子從高濃度區域向低濃度區域進出細胞。
當這種情況發生時,細胞不消耗任何能量。
細胞運輸的第二類是主動運輸。
主動運輸是指粒子從低濃度區域移動到高濃度區域的情況。
當粒子逆濃度梯度移動時,通常需要能量來讓蛋白質泵協助粒子移動。
細胞為什么需要將粒子從低濃度區域移到高濃度區域并為此消耗能量呢?在你的心肌細胞中就有一個重要的例子。
為了讓心臟能夠跳動,某些分子必須從低濃度區域移動到高濃度區域,這樣心肌細胞才能正常工作。
所以,要記住的主要內容是:被動運輸自動發生,不需要能量,而主動運輸則需要能量才能發生。

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Cell transport is the process of how things move in or out of the cell through the cell membrane
細胞運輸是物質通過細胞膜進出細胞的過程·
There are two broad categories of cell transport
細胞運輸有兩大類·
The first category is passive transport
第一類是被動運輸·
For a cell passive transport means it's an automatic process that doesn't require any input of energy
對于細胞來說,被動運輸意味著它是一個自動的過程,不需要輸入任何能量·
For example diffusion is a passive process in which particles move either into or out of the cell from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
例如,擴散就是一種被動過程,在此過程中,粒子從高濃度區域向低濃度區域進出細胞·
The cell doesn't use any energy when this happens
當這種情況發生時,細胞不消耗任何能量·
The second category of cell transport is active transport
細胞運輸的第二類是主動運輸·
This is when particles move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
主動運輸是指粒子從低濃度區域移動到高濃度區域的情況·
When particles move against the concentration gradient energy is required often to allow protein pumps to assist in particle movement
當粒子逆濃度梯度移動時,通常需要能量來讓蛋白質泵協助粒子移動·
Why would the cell need to move particles from a low to high concentration and expend energy to do it An important example is seen in your heart muscle cells
細胞為什么需要將粒子從低濃度區域移到高濃度區域并為此消耗能量呢?在你的心肌細胞中就有一個重要的例子·
In order for your heart to beat there are certain molecules that have to move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration for those cardiac muscle cells to work
為了讓心臟能夠跳動,某些分子必須從低濃度區域移動到高濃度區域,這樣心肌細胞才能正常工作·
So the main things to remember are passive transport happens automatically with no energy required while active transport needs energy for it to occur
所以,要記住的主要內容是:被動運輸自動發生,不需要能量,而主動運輸則需要能量才能發生·