得得啪在线视频观看|免费污苹果香蕉荔枝丝瓜IOS|欧美日韩中文字幕完整版|国产精品v欧美精品v日韩精品|久草热8精品视频在线观看|强上轮流草的合不拢腿|岳把我用嘴含进满足我视频

聽(tīng)覺(jué)始于外耳匯集聲波
通過(guò)外耳道到達(dá)鼓膜
鼓膜響應(yīng)聲波而振動(dòng)
三塊相連的骨頭，稱為錘骨、砧骨和鐙骨
通過(guò)中耳傳遞振動(dòng)
鐙骨的運(yùn)動(dòng)引起內(nèi)耳膜質(zhì)卵圓窗的振動(dòng)
卵圓窗振動(dòng)在耳蝸的兩個(gè)充滿外淋巴的腔室中產(chǎn)生流體波
結(jié)束于圓窗
這些外淋巴波還推動(dòng)第三個(gè)充滿液體的腔室，稱為耳蝸管
在耳蝸管內(nèi)，
感覺(jué)受體細(xì)胞稱為毛細(xì)胞
沿著管道的一壁排列
稱為基底膜
蓋膜覆蓋毛細(xì)胞
總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這組結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為柯蒂氏器
外淋巴中的流體壓力推動(dòng)基底膜
及其附著的毛細(xì)胞
當(dāng)被推向靜止的蓋膜時(shí)會(huì)彎曲
該事件在毛細(xì)胞內(nèi)引發(fā)連鎖反應(yīng)
將壓力波轉(zhuǎn)換為神經(jīng)纖維中的神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)
遍布耳蝸的神經(jīng)纖維
結(jié)合形成前庭蝸的耳蝸支
或聽(tīng)覺(jué)神經(jīng)
將聲音神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)傳遞到大腦
感覺(jué)神經(jīng)性聽(tīng)力損失是由疾病或損傷引起的
從柯蒂氏器到神經(jīng)通路
到前庭蝸神經(jīng)
和腦干的中樞聽(tīng)覺(jué)系統(tǒng)
聽(tīng)覺(jué)神經(jīng)通路的損傷可能是由于衰老、
慢性噪音、病毒感染、
或顳骨的物理創(chuàng)傷
聽(tīng)力損失的另一個(gè)常見(jiàn)原因是梅尼埃病
外淋巴液積聚未經(jīng)處理，導(dǎo)致膜迷路破裂
診斷測(cè)試包括音叉測(cè)試
和聽(tīng)力計(jì)測(cè)試
根據(jù)聽(tīng)神經(jīng)損傷的原因和嚴(yán)重程度，
感覺(jué)神經(jīng)性聽(tīng)力損失可通過(guò)助聽(tīng)器或人工耳蝸等設(shè)備進(jìn)行治療

內(nèi)容操作
視頻
教程課件
單詞卡片
Hearing begins with the external ear funneling sound waves
聽(tīng)覺(jué)始于外耳匯集聲波
through the external auditory canal to the tympanic membrane
通過(guò)外耳道到達(dá)鼓膜
The tympanic membrane vibrates in response to the sound waves
鼓膜響應(yīng)聲波而振動(dòng)
Three connected bones called the malleus incus and stapes
三塊相連的骨頭,稱為錘骨、砧骨和鐙骨
transmit the vibrations through the middle ear
通過(guò)中耳傳遞振動(dòng)
Movement of the stapes causes vibrations of the membranous oval window of the inner ear
鐙骨的運(yùn)動(dòng)引起內(nèi)耳膜質(zhì)卵圓窗的振動(dòng)
Oval window vibrations create fluid waves in the two perilymph filled chambers in the cochlea
卵圓窗振動(dòng)在耳蝸的兩個(gè)充滿外淋巴的腔室中產(chǎn)生流體波
ending at the round window
結(jié)束于圓窗
These waves of perilymph also push on a third fluid filled chamber called the cochlear duct
這些外淋巴波還推動(dòng)第三個(gè)充滿液體的腔室,稱為耳蝸管
Inside the cochlear duct
在耳蝸管內(nèi),
sensory receptor cells called hair cells
感覺(jué)受體細(xì)胞稱為毛細(xì)胞
line one of the walls of the duct
沿著管道的一壁排列
called the basilar membrane
稱為基底膜
The tectorial membrane covers the hair cells
蓋膜覆蓋毛細(xì)胞
Collectively this group of structures is called the organ of Corti
總的來(lái)說(shuō),這組結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為柯蒂氏器
Fluid pressure in the perilymph pushes on the basilar membrane
外淋巴中的流體壓力推動(dòng)基底膜
and its attached hair cells
及其附著的毛細(xì)胞
which bend when pushed against the stationary tectorial membrane
當(dāng)被推向靜止的蓋膜時(shí)會(huì)彎曲
This event sets off a chain reaction within the hair cells
該事件在毛細(xì)胞內(nèi)引發(fā)連鎖反應(yīng)
converting the pressure wave to a nerve impulse in the nerve fibers
將壓力波轉(zhuǎn)換為神經(jīng)纖維中的神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)
Nerve fibers throughout the cochlea
遍布耳蝸的神經(jīng)纖維
combine to form the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear
結(jié)合形成前庭蝸的耳蝸支
or auditory nerve
或聽(tīng)覺(jué)神經(jīng)
which transmits the sound nerve impulse to the brain
將聲音神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)傳遞到大腦
Sensory neural hearing loss is caused by disease or damage
感覺(jué)神經(jīng)性聽(tīng)力損失是由疾病或損傷引起的
to the nervous pathway from the organ of Corti
從柯蒂氏器到神經(jīng)通路
to the vestibulocochlear nerve
到前庭蝸神經(jīng)
and central auditory system in the brainstem
和腦干的中樞聽(tīng)覺(jué)系統(tǒng)
Damage to the auditory nerve pathway can result from aging
聽(tīng)覺(jué)神經(jīng)通路的損傷可能是由于衰老、
chronic loud noise viral infections
慢性噪音、病毒感染、
or physical trauma to the temporal bone
或顳骨的物理創(chuàng)傷
Another common cause of hearing loss is Meniere's disease
聽(tīng)力損失的另一個(gè)常見(jiàn)原因是梅尼埃病
in which a build up of perilymph fluid left untreated which result in the rupture of the membranous labyrinth
外淋巴液積聚未經(jīng)處理,導(dǎo)致膜迷路破裂
Diagnostic tests include tuning fork test
診斷測(cè)試包括音叉測(cè)試
and audiometer testing
和聽(tīng)力計(jì)測(cè)試
Depending on the cause and severity of auditory nerve damage
根據(jù)聽(tīng)神經(jīng)損傷的原因和嚴(yán)重程度,
sensory neural hearing loss is treated with devices such as hearing aides or cochlear implants
感覺(jué)神經(jīng)性聽(tīng)力損失可通過(guò)助聽(tīng)器或人工耳蝸等設(shè)備進(jìn)行治療