20世紀早期最耀眼的京劇明星是四位男旦——梅蘭芳、程硯秋、尚小云和茍慧生。他們用唱腔、眼神、動作將中國女性之美演繹到極致，達到了京劇表演藝術的高峰。
據說男性扮演女性具有很多有利條件。首先，和女演員相比，男性的嗓音更有力度、厚度和廣度，他們的一些唱腔女演員根本唱不了。更重要的是，作為男性，他們更善于觀察女性的習慣和特征，因此他們扮演的角色更具有女性魅力。至今沒有人能超越四大名旦的藝術成就。
During the early 20th century, the four most celebrated male performers of female roles (called dan) in Peking Opera were Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng. Their performances reached the peak of Peking Opera performance art as they used their ways of singing, expressive eyes, and gestures to perform the beauty of Chinese women perfectly.
It’s said that male performers of female roles have advantages in several ways. First, compared to female performers, the male voice is stronger, thicker and wider. There are some ways of singing fitted for them that female performers simply cannot handle. More importantly, males are very adept at observing feminine habits and characteristics, so the roles they play are even more feminine. Until now, no one has been able to surpass the artistic achievements of the four most celebrated dan performers.
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