We have seen that the mere phonetic framework of speech does not
constitute the inner fact of language and that the single sound of
articulated speech is not, as such, a linguistic element at all. For all
that, speech is so inevitably bound up with sounds and its articulation 【M1】__________
that we can hardly avoid giving the subject of phonetics some general
consideration. Experience has shown that neither the purely formal
aspects of a language or the course of its history can be fully understood 【M2】__________
without reference with the sounds in which this form and this history are 【M3】__________
embodied. The feeling that the average speaker has of his language is
that it is built up, acoustically speaking, of a comparatively small
number of distinctive sounds, each of which is rather accurately provided 【M4】__________
for in the current alphabet by one letter or, in few cases, by two or 【M5】__________
more alternative letters. As for the languages of foreigners, he generally
feels that, aside from a few striking differences that cannot escape
even the critical ear, the sounds they use are the same as those he is 【M6】__________
familiar with but that there is a mysterious “accent” to these foreign
languages, certain unanalyzed phonetic character, apart from the sounds 【M7】__________
as such, that gives them their air of strangeness. This naive feeling is
largely illusory on all scores. Phonetic analysis convinces one that 【M8】__________
a number of clearly distinguishable sounds and nuances of sounds that are 【M9】__________
habitually employed by the speakers of a language is far greater than
they by themselves recognize. 【M10】_________
【M5】
^few—a
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