研究揭示SARS-CoV-2疫苗初次接種者中早期抗體分泌細(xì)胞反應(yīng)中的抗原親和力非依賴記憶B細(xì)胞的起源

作者：小柯機(jī)器人 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024/8/24 23:19:56

本期文章：《免疫》：Online/在線發(fā)表

德國(guó)癌癥研究中心Hedda Wardemann等研究人員合作揭示，SARS-CoV-2疫苗初次接種者中早期抗體分泌細(xì)胞反應(yīng)中的抗原親和力非依賴記憶B細(xì)胞的起源。該研究于2024年8月20日在線發(fā)表于國(guó)際一流學(xué)術(shù)期刊《免疫》。

研究人員跟蹤了在SARS-CoV-2疫苗接種后對(duì)抗S（刺突）抗原的早期反應(yīng)中，記憶B細(xì)胞（MBC）在單細(xì)胞和單克隆抗體水平的來(lái)源和分化路徑。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，預(yù)先存在的高度突變的MBC沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出重新進(jìn)入生發(fā)中心的跡象，而是迅速發(fā)展為成熟的抗體分泌細(xì)胞（ASC）。

相比之下，盡管S抗原的反應(yīng)水平相似，初次接觸的B細(xì)胞在分化成MBC和ASC之前表現(xiàn)出了強(qiáng)烈的抗體親和力成熟的跡象。因此，預(yù)先存在的人類(lèi)MBC在應(yīng)對(duì)新抗原時(shí)分化為ASC，但通過(guò)對(duì)初次接觸的前體細(xì)胞的克隆選擇和親和力成熟，體液和細(xì)胞的抗S反應(yīng)質(zhì)量得到了改善。

據(jù)介紹，MBC在個(gè)體的生命周期中形成，占據(jù)了人類(lèi)循環(huán)B細(xì)胞庫(kù)的近一半。這些先天存在的MBC主導(dǎo)了對(duì)其特異性抗原的記憶反應(yīng)，但它們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)新抗原的識(shí)別仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Affinity-independent memory B cell origin of the early antibody-secreting cell response in naive individuals upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Author: Zhe Li, Anna Obraztsova, Fuwei Shang, Opeyemi Ernest Oludada, Joshua Malapit, Katrin Busch, Monique van Straaten, Erec Stebbins, Rajagopal Murugan, Hedda Wardemann

Issue&Volume: 2024-08-20

Abstract: Memory B cells (MBCs) formed over the individual’s lifetime constitute nearly half of the circulating B cell repertoire in humans. These pre-existing MBCs dominate recall responses to their cognate antigens, but how they respond to recognition of novel antigens is not well understood. Here, we tracked the origin and followed the differentiation paths of MBCs in the early anti-spike (S) response to mRNA vaccination in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals on single-cell and monoclonal antibody levels. Pre-existing, highly mutated MBCs showed no signs of germinal center re-entry and rapidly developed into mature antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). By contrast, and despite similar levels of S reactivity, naive B cells showed strong signs of antibody affinity maturation before differentiating into MBCs and ASCs. Thus, pre-existing human MBCs differentiate into ASCs in response to novel antigens, but the quality of the humoral and cellular anti-S response improved through the clonal selection and affinity maturation of naive precursors.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.023

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(24)00372-8

期刊信息

Immunity：《免疫》，創(chuàng)刊于1994年。隸屬于細(xì)胞出版社，最新IF：43.474

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